Economic weakness approach welfare and Justice capitalist ~ pare village

Economic weakness approach Welfare and Justice capitalist
In capitalist countries are high income, social security and the smooth egalitarianisme consider the contrast that with the
capitalist development in the century to 18 and 19. In fact, the initial condition in some commonwealth countries dirunut country can return at the end of the 19th century when Bismarck of Germany sponsored health insurance, and insurance information age, as a defensive reaction to the development of socialist thinking. Another pioneer of the modern commonwealth countries are social welfare programs made the Liberal government of the Kingdom of Great Britain, developed in the year 1908, this program contains social insurance for health care and unemployment, retirement, and benefits for lower-income workers through the provisions of the law, minimum wage (Schnitzer, 1987:153-154). The large-scale unemployment during the depression, heavy in 1930's, pushed the resurrection commonwealth countries in Western countries. After the year 1929 the Social Democratic Party became the largest element in the political system in a number of Scandinavian countries, and under the influence and guidance of their economic policy countries stressed the orientation on welfare. The political complexion of the party in power in countries other advanced capitalist become the most important factor in the set policy of social welfare in a different time. Nevertheless, all the capitalist countries that have high income developing with good social security system that provides protection from ketidakkokohan system of capitalism.

Features of the most important social insurance program in the state-developed capitalist countries is that, in general, it is designed for all citizens, irrespective of the financial position of a person. Facts prove that there is a program that has a lot to do something to reduce poverty. However, even in countries that are most advanced, poverty can not be perfect diberantas. In a country the United States, for example, according to the latest annual survey from the Census Bureau, in 1988 officially found about 13 percent of the population under the poverty line. Based on research studies about the profile of poverty in the four countries, about 10 percent of the population in these countries under the poverty line in 1973.
With changes in the nature of capitalism during this century, pembagisn national income that is fair to become national goals that are broadly maintained in the capitalist countries forward. However, each country has a view different to the extent they must ensure this goal. A study conducted in 1976 by the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development about the size distribution of personal income tax disepuluh industrial countries, said that the Kingdom of Great Britain and other countries such as Norway and Sweden, which follows the policy-kebijaka more egaliter, have a few inequities in income tax refund of a certain country, such as the United States, France and Germany. Appear in the analysis that even after the advent of 'managed capitalism', the economic policy be pursued in many developed countries do not generate power that causes a decrease in income and wealth inequality that means. According to a detailed study on the trend disejumlah equity income countries, higher income groups in the two countries totaling a 20 percent share 50 percent of the total amount of income countries. According to the same study, renadah income groups in 17 developing countries totaling 20 percent on average 5.5 percent share of the overall amount of income countries (Kakwani, 1980:397-398).
The largest mass of people living in poverty is known as the Third World. Colonialism is the most important factor in maintaining the poor countries in the Third World are under foreign domination. After obtaining independence, countries that are
to develop a confrontation with the 'expectations heighten revolution', so they are using business to overcome poverty and economic retrogression to meet the expectations it. Some countries follow this model of development while the socialist country mengkuti other way that capitalism is managed. The experience of socialist countries has been told before. Pembangnan economy in the framework kepitalis results have been varied. Several countries are developing means of achieving success in lowering the number and proportion of the population living in poverty and in improving the pattern of income distribution. The type of development which is run by a large number of countries, however, have not provided a strong influence on poverty and generate even the fact that poor distribution of income (Griffin and Khan, 1978).
The fact that there are shows that in the period after World War 2 developing nations have a brilliant record of success in their efforts to improve the level of gross national product growth. Has been reported that the 'per capita GNP in developing nations grew by an average 3.4 percent per year during 1950-1975, or 3 percent if the People's Republic of China ignored. This situation more quickly than developing countries or developing countries that grow in the previous comparable period with tahun1950, and both exceeded the goals that remi and personal expectations'. However, disejumlah most countries, growth accompanied by increasing inequality of income and wealth. Disalah one of the study, which examined data relating to the 43 countries of non-socialist countries after the period of World War 2, has found that as generated by economic growth, 60 percent of the group of poor people decreased relatively. Have also found that in countries with more poor residents of poor income groups totaling 40 percent fall in absolute, and that the population has a low income as the provisions of the absolute end two decades of development than they have in early development. Crosssectional data on the pattern of income distribution in a number of countries that were collected by the World Bank, has several times again shows the blatant injustice in income. According to these figures, 20 percent of the group that most households in the number of poor overall income ranged between 1.9 to 7.5 percent in the 14 countries covered by the study while 20 percent of your household, which groups most rich ranged 43.4 to 66.6 percent. Information about the quantitative dimensions of poverty slightly. There are very few estimates of the 'poverty' and estimates of the number of pensduduk under the 'poverty line' that is different from the one study to other studies. According to one study, 35.6 percent of the population in nine Asian countries that include the study of living under the poverty line. Percentage of population living below the poverty line in seven African countries covered by the study is around 36 percent while the figure for fifteen Latin American countries is 13 percent. Digit average conceal the possible differences between countries. Then, in the countries of Asia, the proportion of the population living below the poverty line ranges from 1.21 to 41.33 percent and countries in Latin America between 0.93 and 27.46 percent.
The presentation is not very balanced from countries that differ in efforts to reduce poverty and reduce income inequality become main problems in various depth discussions among experts in economics and sociology in recent years. Until the 1960s, has been widely believed that the best hope for poverty reduction, which is soon to focus on efforts to accelerate the economic growth of the case. However, analysis of the implementation of development in a number of countries shows that the high level of growth that does not give a guarantee that the benefits of growth will flow down to the people. This new thinking to generate alternative development strategies, but far there is no such unanimity about the best way that should follow.
Some economists have the view that there is the strength of the systematic changes in the pattern of income distribution in line with economic growth generated. 'U-hypothesis' that will aggravate the equity income in the first stages of growth but will improve next stage. Reasons behind this hypothesis is as follows. Economic growth involve the transfer activities from traditional sectors to the modern sector. Iron-clad inequity more traditional sectors of the few in the modern sector. As a sector which grew in line with the broad development, the increased body weight in the modern sector of the population will have increased significance inequity in income overall. Then, on the stage of growth that is higher, this tendency dibalikan where there is a flow of income to a larger group of low-income sector increased by more modern and more spacious. Based on this hypothesis, proposed that the attention of the most important in the development strategy should be to press the effects generated by the process of modernization without too much notice the pattern of income distribution patterns in the early stages of growth. However, this approach lost the support of many in recent years. Has been that 'hypothesis-U' is not a law of nature. He has a basic theory is less strong, and that does not give enough attention to the role of policy to affect the track of time injustice. Many analysts said that the encouragement of development strategies and the results of the economic structure further affect the distribution of income per capita income, and 'hypothesis-U' does not justify persecution of income distribution policy that is neutral as a result of the growth (Papanek, 1978).
The discussion of a broad development strategy with focus on the problems of income distribution is known as the 'redistribution of growth'. Summary and the strategy is to replace the development pressures of development that emphasizes the division of the benefits of growth more equitable. A policy framework for this kind of strategy has long been discussed in the academic environment, but the idea is to be popular when the development research center under the leadership of the World Bank Hollis Chenery produce a detailed study of the problem. The main conclusions of this study is that the improvements are valuable for a group of poor people is around 40 percent during the period of time that is continuously possible through a pattern of diversion of investment policies according to their needs. During the low income generated from the lack of physical capital, access to the infra-structure, and the diverse entries, then the government policy should be directed to overcome the obstacles, obstacles to this.
The other approach is discussed widely to solve the problem of poverty, known as the 'basic needs'. Summary of this approach is the priority of the definitive fulfillment of the basic needs of the poor. This approach is strongly raised by the Labor Organization World (international Labout Organization / ILO) in the year 1970. The ILO has established the basic needs of the 'minimum needs of a family to be consumed in private, especially food, shelter (home) and clothing (clothing), and' important services provided by the other and to the wider community, as a healthy drinking water, cleanliness of public transportation, and health facilities and education. In addition to untangle this approach, the ILO recognizes that the purpose of fulfilling the basic needs dikebanyakan countries are developing can not be achieved if the redistribution of income and without a substantial wealth.
Although there is more attention to the problems of poverty and income distribution in countries that are developed over the last two decades even more, but the fact that progress achieved still disappointing. Although some countries have adopted various ways with the development strategy redistributif, but various changes in the policy-kebijaka is limited to produce meaningful results. The amount of effort needed to overcome the problem of poverty can be assessed from the results of the simulation conducted by the ILO in the 1970s and published in 1976. In one calculation, it is estimated that the value of GNP will rise continuously 6 percent each year and the number of residents within the region will be increased in accordance with slow UN estimates. Known that even to satisfy basic needs is a carefully over a period of 30 years, then part of the 20 percent poorest groups of the population will more than double compared with those from the mid-1970 in the most countries that are developing, and in general in the country-negra tropical Africa from the poor will be increased 3-4 times. The total amount of redistribution is needed to meet basic needs will be greater if the level of GNP growth be less than 6 percent each year.
The debate about the form and how the poverty reduction and equity income still continues but is now generally recognized that there will be no hope to eradicate poverty jukalau development strategy set redistribution of bias. Some analysts expressed their pessimistic attitude about the possibility of adopting certain strategies, because they doubted the very high income groups willingness to sacrifice that is required. Some other analysts put expectations on the strength of 'coalition of various interest' because they see some profit achieved in implementing the strategy of distribution, despite the fact shows that some part of them produce a relatively failure. Various studies conducted by international institutions like the World Bank and IMF on the issues of development, also needs to show a strong commitment of the government to find effective solutions in the effort to solve the problem of poverty.
2.4. Excellence approach Economic Welfare and Justice Sharia
After reviewing the various approaches leading to the problems of poverty and income distribution in the past and the present, it is advisable to switch views in identifying the distinctive approach to Islam that the special problems of poverty and income distribution. Policy framework of the efforts to eradicate poverty and reduce income inequality, as derived from the teachings of Islam, has been in the previous chapter. Many of the various components of the framework of this policy beriisikan divine concepts that are directly related to the basic structure of the scheme shows the distribution of equity and real masyarakat.Jika in a search for characteristics that in the basic structure of society, the elements the dominant element rests on the concept of human 'guardianship'. Through the concept of guardianship, the Islamic try to inspire their followers with a sense of responsibility towards strong for the welfare of each person. The core of the concept of guardianship is that God is the owner of all things in the world, and what is held by the people as the property has a nature as the points given on the will of God. If this concept in the human soul will clearly will bring socio-economic order that is fair and kesamarataan. However, Islam does not only limit on teaching the principles of ethics. Utilize the power of Islamic countries, along considered necessary, to ensure justice in all human relationships, and this includes economic justice, in which people freed from poverty and chaos as a result of injustice in income and wealth. The lines of the guidelines to all acts of individuals, and countries taken from the Koran and the words and deeds of Prophet PBUH known as the Sunnah. Approach to economic prosperity and justice of sharia to poverty eradication and containment of income and wealth inequality within certain limits with such a blend of elements of the ethical, social, political and yuridiksi, taken from religious sources, with different approaches other that is not surrounded by the teachings of a particular religion.
The fact that the approach to economic prosperity and justice of sharia to poverty eradication efforts and a decrease and ketidaladilan income wealth is based on the teachings of religion, whereas other approaches to describe the ideas of mundane does not mean that there are no specific issues between the same approach with the Islamic approach -other approach. If the goal is ultimately the same, then there are some similarities between the systems. Some descriptions of poverty eradication policy and a decline in income and wealth inequality, as derived from the teachings of Islam, get counterpart from other approaches. However, although there are some similarities, but the approach to the economic welfare and justice have a uniqueness solitary sharia, and is a stand-alone system.
Islam shared with the problems of socialism in the equity income and wealth that is fair (evenly). However, it is be gazed several tools that the policy recommended by the socialist philosophy on the elimination of private property and pengsosialisasian production equipment is not balanced with the benefits of private companies in the Islamic system. Islamic interests of the big stick against individual freedoms and protection of human honor. This requires that production equipment is not monopolized by the state and people are free to use all the activities that are allowed by the trend and the choice of their own. In the last few years, the state-socialist countries themselves began to realize the shortcomings of the elimination of private property, and in this case means that the various changes that disejumlah country meliberalisasikan created with their policies.
Differences of Islam and socialism is not only in the ownership and control of production equipment; both also have sharp differences in the economic center of power, motivasional systems and processes to coordinate the social economy. Socialist countries have the unbridled freedom in designing their policies to achieve the goals set. However, in Islam, the power held by the state is not is not absolute. According to Islam, sovereignty belongs to God. Thus, the power of the country can only be implemented based on the norms outlined by the shari'ah. Related to this, some the size of which has been adopted from the history of socialism to eliminate poverty and reduce inequality of income and wealth failed to get legimitasi in the framework of Islam. For example, the way life used by the country's socialist certain to end unemployment and poverty can not be made as part of a strategy to eradicate poverty Islam because Islam against it. Similarly, functional distribution of income, which is based in the country's Islamic system basically determined by the strength of the market even though the country is expected to intervene each time to consider social justice requires specific interventions.
Socialist philosophy is not much rests on the human instinct philanthropic efforts to help the eradication of poverty and declining income inequality. Socialism without doubt represent a direct acceptance of collective responsibility to eradicate poverty and to approve a high priority to relief and suffering ketidakberuntungan community. However, it rests exclusively on the country means to achieve this goal. On the other hand, Islam requires a prominent role infaq (voluntary for the welfare of the poor) in strengthening the pattern of income distribution. Islamic menerpakan system that focuses motivation sharp, based on the values of faith and rotation, to create the impetus to a group of people that the excess to charity welfare. In addition to help overcome the problems of poverty and income distribution, this approach aims to create a sense of social solidarity, while the purpose of the approach is pure socialism mekanisitik and Impersonal.
Process to coordinate the social economy also mark the difference between the two systems. Country socialist influence policy through their system terpimpin planning to develop a comprehensive and detailed the bureaucratic machinery, even though there are also several examples of decentralized socialism, and they do a lot of effort to update the system to move the distribution of power and strength and responsibilities. Commodity production mix is determined by the general power of the state and can vary depending on the choices of consumers. Commodity prices are controlled. Differences in wages in the socialist society is also determined by the ruler of the country, and thus do not need a lot of fiscal and monetary policies to give the desired changes in the pattern of income distribution. On the other hand, the Islamic system in the production decision essentially not regulated by the strength of centralized planning, but meresponsi although consumer demand may be 'consumer sovereignty' is rather limited if the commands of Islam is very charged. Commodity prices are determined by factors, supply and demand factors, and the use of price control is not objectionable, except in extraordinary circumstances. Differences in wages in general are determined by the strength of the market. The strength of the market allowed to operate in the component market, although other countries are expected to intervene when the market yield for the suffering groups of poor people and run contrary to the objectives of socio-economic another. In contrast with the position in the socialist countries, the policies on monetary and fiscal Islam in the economy is expected to play an important role in the changes produce the desired pattern of income distribution.
Kesejateraan approach to economic justice and sharia against poverty eradication and containment of income and wealth inequality in the 'limits of acceptable' have certain advantages that distinguish them with the approach applied in the capitalist economic system to cope with the problems of poverty and inequality in income and wealth. Excellence is the most discriminating approach that economic prosperity and justice to the eradication of poverty, sharia is the nature of the social security system of Islam. Koran states:
This means: "Take alms from their wealth, where it will clean up and make their wealth grow ..." (QS. 9: 103)
Superiority of social security system is the main Islamic, as taking the form of the first period of Islam, which is the Messenger of Allah and Kulafaur Rasyidin. Experts agree that the law, irrespective of a country's stage of development and income per kapitanya, Islamic teachings lash the country to manage the social security system with a view to ensure that no person remains tercabut of the basic needs of life. There is no specific strength of the force in the development of the capitalist philosophy. The history of capitalism shows that up to a quarter of this century, capitalist countries are developing do not even minded to create a system of comprehensive social security. Even now see that the general feeling is that this is a luxury that can only be achieved by countries that are rich only. And despite growing concern that the larger of the poor, but the fact that there are shows that the capitalist countries still do not have the 'protection of the safe' for the poor.
The social security system that has dilembagakan countries that are developed during this century have some support at that time. However, such a system is not Islamic (Sharia), the social security system is not based on any religious sanctity, so that benefits flow to community groups and the poor is not acceptable with the actual. In fact, various lobbying groups that appear more like the termination of social security system. Political groups, the influential State disejumlah growing industry support that the decline in coverage disejumlah countries that have social security system that is not found unequivocal commitment of the government that each person will need to obtain the minimum income guarantee. Contrary to this, the system of Islam, every human being must be assured a minimum level of life, and many legal experts have the view that the legal protection should be given in accordance with the principles of fulfillment, so every citizen can complain to the court for the implementation of this principle.
Features of the social security system typical of other Islamic sharia that is focused specifically eradication of poverty, while the programs of social security capitalist countries forward is designed for all citizens, regardless of their financial position each. Perhaps because of this reason that although the form of programs of social security is the size of broad, but poverty is not a perfect terberantas countries this. Social security capitalist countries advanced in general structured as a system of welfare and insurance. In the most problems, the nature of insurance is far more than the differing nature of welfare. Many analysts have the view that the capitalist countries forward, the poor transactions receive a relative few of the people, and the amount of money that large diredistribusi action by the government that reflect the transactions' back Saturday 'among middle-income groups (Siddiqi, 1988:251-286 ).
A very special nature of the social security system of Islam is that it tries to eradicate poverty through a multi-branch approach, and not just restrict himself to donate money to the poor to live pure lead. In fact, the system is designed according to the nature and the natural way-apat using a variety of ways to prevent poverty and eliminate the suffering caused by poverty. History of the Islamic period of the first to show that even the social insurance system to pay for the cost of marriage for those who really cares, and also in the pay of debt for someone who has died. The emphasis emphasis on the utilization of the social security system to help those who do not have a job by giving assets to their capital to earn their living. Various studies on the social insurance system programs in the state-developed capitalist countries shows that the main emphasis of these programs is in the 'provision of compensation for those who do not work' rather than help those who are not deliberately unemployed with jobs that provide benefits (Ornati. 1966:115-119).
The best programs from the social security system implemented capitalist countries forward, he is financed by tax revenue. For most beneficiaries, the best part is basically the pension plans, which both employers and workers to participate in the share of the program. The tax paid by the working group is used to pay for the retirees. This means that each generation of workers to provide assistance to non-working or who are not eligible to work in absolute want the same treatment. The nature of the social insurance system of Islam have different cirri. Elements pension is not calculated. Having considered as a compulsory contribution savings plan for the future. The social security system only reflects the Islamic solidarity fund where the funds obtained from the excess population groups (rich) and is helping them very poor. Good qualified from the Islamic social security system is not dependent on someone who commonly contribute to the financing system, which received good or not associated with a major contribution.
Islamic social security system aims to prevent and overcome poverty. However, there is only one element of the policy framework poster held problems facing Islam for this. Some elements of the policy package will be discussed, all aimed to help efforts to eradicate poverty.
In addition to eradicate poverty, maintain a fair distribution are also in the order in which the highest priority in social welfare from economic justice and sharia. Kesejateraan distinctive approach to economic justice and sharia is the most typical load 'limits of acceptable' in income and wealth inequality, where the size of equity or redistribution dirinci explicitly according to the sharia (the guidelines given by the Qur'an and Sunnah) must be carried out, Another measure that is used must not violate the teachings of Islam and must not violate the teachings of Islam and must meet the requirements of al-'re (justice). It is also noteworthy that to achieve a fair distribution, Islam does not rely on government agencies alone but try to activate the awareness of the moral man to act justly towards each other and help people in need with the spirit of universal brotherhood.
In particular, the economic system of welfare and justice, sharia entrust the country to institutionalize special charges, known as Zakat, which gained can be used only for the purpose, tujaun that has been set. During the scope of charity is the group of people who are rich and perolehannya issued preferred to eliminate poverty for poverty is still there, this is a valid goal redistribution. Widely, issued for the charity of assets that productive, so the acquisition charity membri increasing the income of poor population groups.
Equity assets of people who died in accordance with the inheritance law explicitly stated in the sharia rendered to lower income and wealth inequality every time the Islamic community. Features of Islamic inheritance law rests on the fact that, if compared with the inheritance laws and customs that are commonly dibanyak other community, the Islamic heritage hokum generate the wealth distribution of cumulation widespread.
Islamic teachings forbid all forms is a transaction based on interest rates. Remove the possibility of this form of a growing wealth of the owners of any capital money, except if the capital increase is to create wealth. Exploitation of the weak population groups by private tenants money, collect the interest rate is very high, can not be justified in economic and justice kesejateraan sharia, which must make alternative provisions to meet the financial needs of all parts of society in accordance with the ideals of the Islamic ideal of social justice.
Elucidate a number of distinctive Islamic family law, which among other laws vary, giving the legitimate rights of certain close relatives to claim maintenance from their assistance in a good position to help. Islamic teachings encourage people to volunteer to help relatives, their relatives and the poor, and when it's ignored, then the court is authorized to help organize the protection of the feasible.
Economic prosperity and justice of sharia applied the approach set in a typical profit results from various factors of production to increase equity fair. Economic prosperity and justice of sharia refuse any profits earned from the investment of money unless the owners are willing to share the risk capital business (business), which comes from the capital. Share profit / loss is seen as a more equitable system. Islamic teachings emphasize that workers must be guaranteed with the 'fair wage' that protect human dignity. Countries expected to contribute to intervene each time the owners of factors of production appears to exploit the weak in the production process.
Islamic teachings decompose with little detailed guidelines that set the sound business practices and entrusted with the responsibility of countries to ensure real practices in accordance with the guidelines. The aim is to protect the interests of the weak and prevent the benefits that should not in any business transaction. During the period of the first Islamic institution of a khusu made known by hisbah, besides other things, which have the responsibility to improve business practices are fair.
Islam allows some flexibility for the ruler of the country in which certain things are not ordered by the sharia. In fact, sharia is only elucidate important elements of the strategy, while the size of the detailed policy must be formulated by the state authorities in accordance with the circumstances of each country. The only requirement is that the various policy should be adopted to provide a positive contribution towards the realization of maqasid (purposes), without causing any violation of the principles of sharia. The main elements of the policy framework that contains the injustice in income and wealth, according to 'acceptable limits' in current conditions, as concluded from the teachings of Islam.
Some discretion of the policy package that resembles a number of policy used by the capitalist countries after the removal of laissez-faire policy under the regime 'capitalist managed'. However, even in these problems, there are often differences in emphasis and nuance of policy. Specifically, this may be the role of 'consumer sovereignty' and monetary policy, fiscal policy and other commands that determine the sources of power.
The composition results in the capitalist countries in general are determined by the choices consumers. Economic prosperity in the system of justice and sharia also, options to give consumers a broad scope, but 'consumer sovereignty' in the subject line with the interests of social justice. Capitalist philosophy is that human-free incomes to denagn any way that he preferred the structure and production must respond to consumer demand irrespective of the character of this request. The resources generated from the interaction between demand and supply is considered optimal. On the other hand, Islamic teachings optimalitas assess the allocation of resources derived from the perspective al'adl (fair). The lawyers outlined the differences between the three types of human needs that are classified as daruriyyat (urgent need), hajiyyat (change) and tahsiniyyat (good nature). The lawyers also suggests that it is the responsibility of the community together to seek fulfillment daruriyyat first of the two other categories. Furthermore, the Economic prosperity and justice, sharia, the composition of the results can not be left to determine their own strength but the market should be regulated according to the interests of social justice.
For the same reason, monetary policy, fiscal and other government policies can not be neutral in the value of Economic prosperity and justice of sharia. Capitalist countries in the monetary policy generally associated with monetary stability and economic growth, are the goals of justice in the distribution are not clearly as the goal of monetary policy. In fact, the banking system appears to be important factors that exacerbate inequality in income and wealth disejumlah country. Banks in the capitalist countries to provide money, particularly in the 'creditworthy' which generally have had a personal wealth of the larger and the ability to offer guarantees required by banks. The Bank also practice 'price discrimination' with the charge that the interest rate lower to wealthy clients who take the credit in large numbers. Both these factors tend to increase inequality in income and wealth. On the other hand, monetary policy is expected to play an important role in efforts to achieve the goal, tujaun egaliter of Economic prosperity and justice of sharia (Chapra, 1985:173-174).
Fiscal policy in the Economic prosperity and justice, sharia is limited by a number of norms that are described in the sharia. Countries can not receive loans based on interest to cover budget deficits. Islamic teachings emphasize the economy fully on government spending. Many legal experts are linking this with the specificity of the Holy Qur'an on waste that is done by individuals and government. Islamic teachings also emphasized the tax should be taken only from the cost of 'basic expenses' and the tax burden should be distributed fairly. Although the government in the Islamic not be to run a budget deficit, but the government must manage the financial dehingga still maintained monetary stability. Government expenditure in the economy, justice equity in the tax burden, and the policies' financial wise 'as the accepted norms of the desired fiscal policy in the capitalist economy also Islamic teachings invest them with moral pressure is greater.
In addition to monetary and fiscal policy, all other government policy orientation has an important influence on the pattern of income distribution. Has been observed that although the goals stated egalitar, but the government policy in capitalist countries do not produce the success in lowering income inequality and kakayaan while in other countries that tend to increase every time. Most capitalist countries remain content to improve market conditions to compete, but in fact the practice of the economy in many countries diciri-cirikan with elements of monopoly. Cons strength competition and the emergence of market structure oligopolistik in many areas of activity produces consequences that are not desired pattern of income distribution. History of the United States economy of the country and a number of European countries shows that every time the industry more control and more centralized. This has caused some writers to describe the system when the economy is in the country was mentioned as a 'monopoly capitalism'. Similar to this is, in many developing countries, various government policies related to trade, customs, and industrial licensing and the pattern of income distribution. In the framework of Islam, all government policies are expected to follow petunuj defined in paragraph 59: 7 from the Al-Quran, that wealth is not allowed to 'merchandise between the rich people among you'.
Will appear in this discussion that the country is expected to play a very important role in the economic welfare and justice of sharia to eradicate poverty and allow injustice in income and wealth-limits Limitation received. This is without mentioning that the expectation is to equip the authorities need to follow the instructions from the teachings of Islam.
Islam does not only rely on government agencies to produce a fair distribution. Islam is trying to make their feelings have a strong social responsibility for the welfare of the community groups and the poor. If the teachings of Islam implemented, the fair distribution can be achieved while individual freedoms and way of life maintained regularly avoided. There is one section in this book, which suggested that some analysts raised the possibility of some pessimism eradicate poverty in developing nations, where they doubted the very high income groups who will be willing to provide certain perngorbanan needed. Overcome this reluctance to enter the moral values that encourage people to see more interest from himself. Increasing the idea of mutual dependence of function, can also help overcome this problem. Last seen very clearly that in a number of important areas, the economy beratanggungjawab their implementation is not as good without the 'benevolence' minimal. A number of works on altruisme role in the economy has emerged in the years trakhir. This once more emphasizes that the perception of someone tebangun, there will be good and rational behavior that can be expected to spread throughout the community. The definition from this perspective, is the eradication of poverty and the maintenance of justice that greater equity, as the goals to be achieved.